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Persistence of vision refers to the optical illusion whereby multiple discrete images blend into a single image in the human mind and believed to be the explanation for motion perception in cinema and animated films. Like other illusions of visual perception, it is produced by certain characteristics of the visual system. ==History== Narrowly defined, the theory of persistence of vision is the belief that human perception of motion (brain centered) is the result of persistence of vision (eye centered). That version of the theory was disproved in 1912 by Wertheimer〔Wertheimer, 1912. Experimentelle Studien über das Sehen von Bewegung. Zeitschrift für Psychologie 61, pp. 161–265〕 but persists in many citations in many classic and modern film-theory texts.〔Bazin, André (1967) ''What is Cinema?'', Vol. I, Trans. Hugh Gray, Berkeley: University of California Press〕〔Cook, David A. (2004) ''A History of Narrative Film''. New York, W. W. Norton & Company.〕〔Metz, Christian (1991) ''Film Language: A Semiotics of The Cinema'', trans. Michael Taylor. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.〕 A more plausible theory to explain motion perception (at least on a descriptive level) are two distinct perceptual illusions: phi phenomenon and beta movement. A visual form of memory known as iconic memory has been described as the cause of this phenomenon.〔Coltheart M. "The persistences of vision." ''Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci.'' 1980 Jul 8;290(1038):57–69. PMID 6106242.〕 Although psychologists and physiologists have rejected the relevance of this theory to film viewership, film academics and theorists generally have not. Some scientists nowadays consider the entire theory a myth. In contrasting persistence of vision theory with phi phenomena, a critical part of understanding that emerges with these visual perception phenomena is that the eye ''is not a camera'' and does not see in frames per second. In other words, vision is not as simple as light registering on a medium, since the brain has to make sense of the visual data the eye provides and construct a coherent picture of reality. Joseph Anderson and Barbara Fisher argue that the phi phenomena privileges a more constructionist approach to the cinema (David Bordwell, Noël Carroll, Kirsten Thompson), whereas the persistence of vision privileges a realist approach (André Bazin, Christian Metz, Jean-Louis Baudry).〔 〕 The discovery of persistence of vision is attributed to the Roman poet Lucretius, although he only mentions it in connection with images seen in a dream.〔Herbert, S. (2000). A history of pre-cinema. London. Routledge. p 121〕 In the modern era, some stroboscopic experiments performed by Peter Mark Roget in 1824 were also cited as the basis for the theory.〔Maltby, R. (2004). Hollywood cinema. (): Blackwell Publishing. p 420〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「persistence of vision」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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